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Formulation Card

FC-8.1-P

Premium Dishwashing Liquid

Ingredients

IngredientINCI / Description% w/wFunctionAddition Order
Deionized waterAqua46.0Solvent1
SLES (70%, 2 EO)Sodium laureth sulfate20.0Primary anionic surfactant2
CAPB (30%)Cocamidopropyl betaine12.0Amphoteric co-surfactant3
APG (C8–C14, 50%)Caprylyl/Capryl glucoside8.0Nonionic, mildness booster4
Alcohol ethoxylate (C12–15, 7 EO)C12-15 pareth-74.0Grease-cutting nonionic5
Cocamide DEACocamide DEA3.0Foam booster, viscosity builder6
GlycerinGlycerin5.0Humectant, skin care additive7
Citric acid (anhydrous)Citric acid0.2pH buffer8
Tetrasodium EDTATetrasodium EDTA0.2Chelating agent9
Sodium chlorideSodium chloride0.3Viscosity fine-tuning10
ColorantCI 470050.003Aesthetic11
Premium fragranceFragrance (parfum)0.5Sensory12
Preservative (phenoxyethanol)Phenoxyethanol0.5Microbial stability13
Total~100

Addition Order & Process

Procedure: Add SLES to deionized water with moderate agitation. Introduce CAPB, APG solution, and AE sequentially, allowing 10 min mixing between each addition. Heat the batch to 35°C and add cocamide DEA; maintain temperature until a clear, homogeneous liquid is obtained. Cool to 30°C and add glycerin, citric acid, EDTA, and sodium chloride. Adjust pH to 6.5–7.0. Add colorant, fragrance, and preservative with gentle mixing.

Formulation Notes

The premium tier integrates APG surfactants for enhanced skin mildness and environmental profile, coconut diethanolamide (CDEA, also called cocamide DEA) as a foam booster and viscosity builder, and elevated glycerin content for post-wash skin hydration. Total active matter of 22–28% is at the upper range of the hand-dishwashing category. This formulation targets consumers with sensitive skin and those willing to pay a price premium for perceived green credentials.

Formulation Card FC-8.1-P: Premium Dishwashing Liquid

Properties: Active matter 25.0% ± 1.0%; pH 6.5–7.0; viscosity 800–1,200 cP (Brookfield LV, spindle #3, 12 rpm, 25°C). Foam height (Ross-Miles, 0.25%, 40°C) 205 ± 10 mm. Grease removal (Baumgartner, 15 min, 0.75 g/L) ≥ 92%. Zein test (protein solubilization, surrogate for skin mildness) < 15% protein solubilized, indicating mild irritation potential .

Notes: The APG content of 4% active (8% as 50% solution) reduces the overall irritation score by approximately 30% relative to FC-8.1-M in the Zein solubilization assay . Cocamide DEA contributes both foam stability and a characteristic pearlescent viscosity; however, formulators should ensure that the diethanolamine content meets regional regulatory limits for N-nitrosamine formation potential. The elevated glycerin content (5%) leaves a perceptible moisturizing film on hands after rinsing, which is a key consumer benefit claim for this tier.

The progression from economical to premium dishwashing liquid demonstrates the trade-off between formulation cost and multifunctional performance. FC-8.1-E achieves basic cleaning with minimal ingredient count; its primary limitation is the single-surfactant (LABSA-dominant) system, which produces adequate foam but limited tolerance to hard water and heavy grease. FC-8.1-M adds CAPB and a nonionic AE, delivering a measurable improvement in both foam stability (+15% in Ross-Miles height) and grease removal (+10–17 percentage points in Baumgartner efficiency). The HEC thickener also decouples viscosity from electrolyte concentration, improving formulation robustness. FC-8.1-P further extends the surfactant system with APG and cocamide DEA, yielding the highest foam stability and grease removal while simultaneously improving the skin mildness profile. The glycerin addition addresses a sensory benefit—hand feel after washing—that is increasingly valued by consumers in the premium segment but is difficult to quantify in standard performance tests.