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Formulation Card

FC-10.4-M

Glass Cleaner

Ingredients

Component% w/wFunction
Deionized water92.55Carrier (conductivity < 10 μS/cm)
Isopropanol (IPA, 99%)5.0Primary volatile solvent, degreaser
Ammonium hydroxide (28% NH)0.25Alkaline builder (100% volatile)
C8-C14 alkyl polyglucoside (APG, 50%)0.10Wetting agent
Sodium gluconate0.05Chelating agent
Fragrance0.05Odor masking
Total100.0

Addition Order & Process

Procedure: Add IPA to deionized water with stirring (flammable; ensure ventilation). Add APG and sodium gluconate. Add ammonium hydroxide last. Filter through 10 μm.

Formulation Notes

The classic formulation combines isopropanol (IPA) as volatile solvent, ammonium hydroxide as alkaline builder, and trace surfactant for wetting. IPA forms a minimum-boiling azeotrope with water (87.9% IPA / 12.1% water, bp 80.3°C) that accelerates evaporation.

Formulation FC-10.4-M — Glass Cleaner (Liquid)

Specification: pH 10.5 ± 0.3; surface tension 28 ± 2 mN/m; evaporation time < 30 seconds (500 μL on 10 × 10 cm glass, 23°C, 50% RH). The surfactant level of 0.05% active is deliberately minimal—sufficient for wetting, yet low enough that crystalline residue stays below the visible threshold of ~50 ng/mm² on glass.